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Seventy Years of Selection for Conformation in Dairy Cattle^*

Department of Dairy Husbandry, University of Missouri

ABSTRACT

For many years on the Island of Jersey in the English Channel there has been a system of inspection and classification for conformation of all registered Jersey cattle. Importations of Island cattle have frequently been brought to this country. The Island type Jersey has supplanted to a large extent, in the show-ring and leading breeders' herds, the larger, more rugged but rougher type of Jersey which was once popular here and was founded on the blood of Canadian Jersey families.

With the publication of the first volume of the herd book in 1866 by the Royal Jersey Agricultural and Horticultural Society of the Island there was inaugurated the official type classification of all Jerseys registered by the society (1). The written requirements for classification have been changed little since that time. Considerable emphasis apparently has been laid in the selection of breeding stock on the type classification of the cattle. A study of the results obtained through the long period of selection for improved conformation should be of interest to students of dairy cattle breeding.

^* This study was initiated and the data largely compiled while the author was a graduate student at Ohio State University. He is indebted to Dr. E. E. Heizer for aid in the organization and initiation of the study and to Dr. J. L. Lush for advice in the analysis of the results and for critical reading of the manuscript.