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Vitamin A and Carotene Requirements for the Maintenance of Adequate Blood Plasma Vitamin A in the Dairy Calf¹

From the Departments of Biochemistry and Dairy Husbandry, University of Wisconsin, Madison

ABSTRACT

Studies have been made to determine the blood plasma concentrations and the intakes of carotene and vitamin A necessary for the growing calf.

The data obtained showed that the blood plasma vitamin A was a more delicate measure of the state of vitamin A nutrition in the calf than either growth or blood carotene. A blood plasma vitamin A level of 10 or more per 100 cc. was found to be necessary for adequate vitamin A nutrition of the growing calf. Blood plasma vitamin A levels of 7–8 per 100 cc. were borderline levels while values below this were definitely inadequate.

Daily intakes of vitamin A which would maintain deficient, borderline, and adequate concentrations of blood plasma vitamin A were found to be approximately 6,12 and 18 per kg. of body weight respectively. The daily carotene requirements necessary to maintain an adequate plasma vitamin A and prevent deficiency symptoms were 75 per kg. for Holstein yearlings and 125 per kg. for Guernsey yearlings.

The blood plasma carotene levels which would maintain an adequate blood vitamin A were 50–70 of carotene per 100 cc. for Holsteins and 110–140 of carotene per 100 cc. for Guernseys.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director of the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station. These studies were supported in part by a grant from the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation.