HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Johnson, J. J. Articles by Roland, C. T. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Johnson, J. J. Articles by Roland, C. T.

Study of Dairy Cleaning Problems. II. Effectiveness of Alkalies in Removing Heat-Deposited Milk Solids and Butterfat Films

Sealtest, Inc., Research Laboratory, Baltimore, Maryland

ABSTRACT

1. The approximate minimum concentrations of alkalies effective in removing heat-deposited milk solids were as follows: trisodium phosphate 0.3 per cent, sodium metasilicate 0.2 per cent, sodium carbonate 0.2 per cent and sodium hydroxide 0.04 per cent.
   
2. At a phenolphthalein alkalinity of approximately 0.02 per cent (as NaOH) trisodium phosphate and sodium hydroxide were more effective than sodium metasilicate and sodium carbonate in removing heat-deposited milk solids. The minimum effective pH values were as follows: sodium carbonate 11.2, trisodium phosphate 11.8, sodium metasilicate 12.0 and sodium hydroxide 12.0.
   
3. In the removal of butterfat from glass sodium hydroxide was not effective at any concentration from 0.05 per cent to 2.0 per cent. Sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate, and trisodium phosphate all were fairly effective above 0.1 per cent.
   
4. A combination of 1.8 per cent sodium hydroxide and 0.2 per cent sodium carbonate was not as effective in fat removal as similar combinations of sodium hydroxide with sodium metasilicate and trisodium phosphate. The sodium metasilicate mixture produced a greater degree of emulsification than did the trisodium phosphate mixture.
   
5. Combinations of 2.0 per cent sodium hydroxide and 0.1 per cent and 0.2 per cent detergent A (surface-active organic detergent) were effective in fat removal and similar in action to the trisodium phosphate combination. Detergent A alone was effective at 0.2 per cent but did not produce emulsification.
   

^* Now with Calgon, Inc., 300 Ross Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.