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Irradiated Milk: The Reflecting Properties and Antirachitic Activation as Affected by the Impingment Angle of the Incident Radiation

The Dry Milk Company Research Laboratories, Bainbridge, New York
The National Carbon Company, Cleveland, Ohio

ABSTRACT

1. The reflection of ultra-violet radiation from the surface of milk films is of the same order of magnitude as the reflection of such radiation from the surface of water; the degree of reflection increases as the angle of incidence decreases.
   
2. Ultra-violet radiation between 2550 and 3000 Å when impinged on milk surfaces at 75° and 45° from parallel are reflected to about the same degree—approximately 3 per cent; the average percentage reflection from a 30° angle of incidence is about 6 per cent; from a 20° angle of incidence, 13.4 per cent; from a 15° angle, 28 per cent; and from a 10° angle, about 34 per cent.
   
3. Milk films show the property of selective reflection of ultra-violet radiation, especially throughout the range 2550 to 3300 Å. This property is most pronounced at angles of incidence of 30° or less.
   
4. The antirachitic potency of milk irradiated with ultra-violet radiation striking milk films at angles of incidence less than 90° and as low as 30° is the same as that obtained when the angle of incidence is 90°, other things being equal.