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Some Physico-Chemical Properties of Lactose

II. Factors Influencing the Crystalline Habit of Lactose

Department of Dairy Industry, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.

ABSTRACT

The crystalline habit of alpha hydrate varies greatly under different condition of crystallization.

The relationship between the different types of crystals was traced: first, by examining many crystals varying by imperceptible degrees from one another; and second, by changing conditions during crystallization, thereby causing crystals to develop new faces and to alter their habit of growth.

The principal factor governing the crystalline habit of lactose is the precipitation pressure, the ratio of the actual concentration to the solubility. By varying this ratio, a great variety of crystal types may be produced.

The influence of sucrose upon the crystalline form of lactose is not a specific action but is due to its precipitating effect upon that sugar.

Both alpha hydrate and beta anhydride will form needles if crystallization is sufficiently rapid. The two may be distinguished readily by the fact that the prisms of alpha hydrate are always straight while those of beta anhydride are curved.