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Calculating Rations for Dairy Cows

Bureau of Dairy Industry, United States Department of Agriculture

ABSTRACT

In many dairy-cow investigations, the animals must be fed according to some definite plan, if accurate comparisons are to be made of the production of dams and daughters and the effect of various feeds over entire lactation periods. The usual method of feeding is to select some standard, and then to provide nutrients in such amounts as will meet the requirements of this standard. In some experiments, a little more than the required amount is fed to make sure that the animal receives sufficient nutrients for maintenance and milk production.

Because of the amount of work involved in calculating nutrient requirements for large numbers of animals, a quick and easy method of figuring rations was needed at the Bureau of Dairy Industry Experiment Farm at Beltsville, Maryland. After some study and the trying out of different methods, a system was developed (table 1) by which the rations could be easily figured at the rate of one a minute, if the weight of the cow and the quantity and quality of milk produced were known.