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Fat Soluble Vitamins

XXXI. Butter Fat: Its Antirachitic Properties and its Artificial Activation^*

Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison

ABSTRACT

For many years the inference might have been drawn from general premises that butter fat is low in antirachitic potency. If butter fat were not poor in this dietary essential the incidence of rickets in children fed on cows' milk should be a very rare occurrence, but as a matter of fact it is well known that the vast majority of infants fed cows' milk develop rickets during the winter months.

Some years ago, however, Mellanby (1) in his pioneering experiments was very much impressed with the power of butter fat in protecting puppies against deficient calcification of bone. But he found that cod liver oil was far superior. McCollum, Simmonds, and Becker, and Shipley (2) found that while butter fat contained the calcium depositing factor, it was present in much smaller amounts than in cod liver oil and in other fish oils which they examined. McCollum, Simmonds, Shipley, and Park (3) found that 3 per cent of cod liver oil prevented the occurrence of rickets while even 20 per cent of butter fat failed to induce normal bone growth.

^* Published with the permission of the Director of the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station.